Bài giảng Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 - Câu điều kiện - Trần Trọng Nghĩa

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO QUỸ LAWRENCE S.TING 
Cuộc thi quốc gia Thiết kế bài giảng e-Learning lần thứ 4 
TÊN BÀI DẠY : CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN (CONDITIONAL SENTENCES) 
 Môn : Tiếng Anh 
* Nhóm tác giả: 
1. Trần Trọng Nghĩa - Giáo viên 
 Email : trongnghiachuyenhg@gmail.com – DD: 01686790781 
2 . Ma Thị Thủy - Giáo viên 
 Email: mathuychg@gmail.com – DD: 0942539987 
3 . Hoàng Thi Huyền Nhung - Giáo viên 
 Email: nhunganhk37@gmail.com – DD: 0979062385 
* Đơn vị công tác: Trường THPT Chuyên tỉnh Hà Giang 
* Địa chỉ: Tổ 14, Phường Nguyễn Trãi , TP. Hà Giang, Tỉnh Hà Giang 
* Giấy phép dự thi: CC-BY (1) 
Hà Giang, t háng 11/ 2016 
Have a look at the first situation. 
If you work hard, you will pass (the test) easily. 
Have a look at the second situation. 
If I were her, I would travel around the world. 
Have a look at the third situation. 
If the driver had been careful, the accident wouldn’t have happened. 
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 
Aims : This lesson aims at providing ESL (English as second language) learners a review of conditional sentences, both basic and advanced types. 
Objectives: 
Knowledge: After the lesson, students will be able to: 
Identify structures of conditional sentences and variations as well as other types. 
Understand the use of each type of conditions. 
Demonstrate knowledge of conditional sentences by completing practice exercises or tests with good grade. 
Skills: After the lesson, students are expected to: 
Develop their listening comprehension skill. 
Be able to express conditions in English in daily situations (develop speaking skill). 
TABLE OF CONTENT 
An overview of conditional sentences 
Basic conditional sentences 
	 1. Conditional sentence type 1 
	 2. Conditional sentence type 2 
	 3. Conditional sentence type 3 
III . Other cases of conditional sentences. 
	1. Zero conditional sentence 
	2. Mixed conditional sentences 
	3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
	4. As if/As though 
	5. Inversions of conditions 
I. An Overview of Conditional Sentences 
Examples: 
If you work hard, you will pass (the test)easily . (advice or encouragement) 
If I were her, I would travel around the world . (advice or wish) 
If the driver had been careful, the accident wouldn’t have happened . (advice or regret) 
Uses: Conditional sentences in English can be used to: 
Refer to a fact or general truth. 
Encourage someone to do something. 
Give advice about a present or past event. 
Express somebody’s wish or regret 
Form: two main parts 
	 If clause, main clause 
	Main clause + if clause 
“ If I have money, I will buy a lot of dresses in the future.” 
h ave money 
b uy new dresses 
1. Conditional sentence type 1 : 
II. Basic conditional sentences: 
FUTURE 
NOW 
Situation: 
Now, Mary is thinking about buying some new dresses when she has money in the future. 
TOMORROW 
“I will go for a picnic with my friends tomorrow if it is sunny.” 
be sunny 
go for a picnic 
II. Basic conditional sentences: 
1. Conditional sentence type 1 : 
NOW 
Situation: 
Lisa wants to go for a picnic with her friends tomorrow, but it depends on the weather. 
Ex4. Y ou will pass the exam if you study hard. 
Ex3. If Lan finishes her homework, she can watch the film this evening. 
If S + V(present simple) , 
S + will + V(inf. - without To) 
 can 
 may 
=> USE ? 
II. Basic conditional sentences: 
1. Conditional sentence type 1 : 
Ex1. If I have money, I will buy a lot of dresses. 
Ex2. I will go for a picnic with my friends tomorrow if it is sunny. 
It is used to express actions or things that can happen at the present or in the future. 
=> STRUCTURE ? 
wings 
“ If I had two wings , I c ould fly in the sky .” 
fly in the sky 
II. Basic conditional sentences 
2. Conditional sentence type 2 
h ave two wings 
Situation: 
Tommy wishes to be able to fly but he doesn’t have wings. 
NOW 
“I would work in a hospital if I were a doctor now.” 
II. Basic conditional sentences 
2. Conditional sentence type 2 
b e a teacher 
w ork in a hospital 
NOW 
Situation: 
Mark is a teacher at present; however, he wants to be a doctor and work in a hospital. 
II. Basic conditional sentences 
2. Conditional sentence type 2 
Ex1. If I had wings, I would fly in the sky. 
Ex2. I would work in a hospital if I were a doctor now. 
=> STRUCTURE ? 
If S + V(past simple) , 
 be (were) 
S + would + V(inf. - without To) 
 could 
 might 
Ex3. If I were the Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc, I would continue to increase teachers’ salary. 
=> USE ? 
It is used to express actions or things that can not happen at the present. 
Ex4. I would buy a plane if I had 100 billion dollars. 
YESTERDAY 
“ If I had got up early yesterday, I would have taken the bus .” 
d idn’t take the bus 
got up late 
YESTERDAY 
II. Basic conditional sentences 
3 . Conditional sentence type 3 
NOW 
II. Basic conditional sentences 
3 . Conditional sentence type 3 
Ex1. If he had got up early yesterday, he would have taken the bus. 
=> STRUCTURE ? 
If + S+ Vpast perfect , S + would + have + V(pp)... 
 (had(not)+ Vpp) could 
 might 
=> USE ? 
It is used to express actions or things that could not happen in the past. 
Ex2. If he had driven more carefully yesterday, he wouldn’t have died . 
Ex3. I could have met Lan’s boyfriend if I had come to her birthday party last Sunday. 
(Fact: he died in a traffic accident yesterday because he didn’t drive carefully) 
(Fact: I didn’t come to the birthday party last Sunday and didn’t meet Lan’s boyfriend) 
1. They would be disappointed if we ........... 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
hadn't come 
B) 
wouldn't come 
C) 
don't come 
D) 
didn't come 
2. I would be very surprised if he ............. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
refuses 
B) 
refused 
C) 
had refused 
D) 
will refuse 
3. If I were 5 years younger, I .......... for this job now. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
would apply 
B) 
will apply 
C) 
would have applied 
D) 
applied 
4. If you had been here yesterday, you ............. me. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
will meet 
B) 
would meet 
C) 
meet 
D) 
would have met 
5. If he ............ me, I will be ready to help him. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
ask 
B) 
asked 
C) 
asks 
D) 
had asked 
6. If I ........... you were in hospital, I would have gone to see you. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
had known 
B) 
knew 
C) 
know 
D) 
would know 
7. If an object is let off in the cabbin of a space ship, it ............ 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
floated 
B) 
is floating 
C) 
will float 
D) 
would float 
8. If you ............more slowly, he would understand you. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
spoke 
B) 
would speak 
C) 
spoken 
D) 
had spoken 
9. If I ............ you, I would go to bed earlier at night. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
is 
B) 
am 
C) 
had been 
D) 
were 
10. She .............. if you explained the situation to her. 
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Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. 
A) 
would understand 
B) 
will understand 
C) 
had understood 
D) 
understands 
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 (give) him a gift. 
1. If I see him, I 
Exercise 2. Put the verb in the correct form to complete the sentences. 
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(type) it myself. 
2. If I had a typewriter, I 
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you. 
(visit) 
3. If I had known that you were in hospital, I 
Exercise 2. Put the verb in the correct form to complete the sentences. 
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class regularly. 
 (attend) 
4. You could make better progress if you 
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you. 
 (know) his phone number, I would give it to 
5. If I 
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have had a seat. 
 (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would 
6. If you 
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 (study) hard, he can pass the exam. 
7. If he 
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 (grow) well if there is enough rain. 
8. Rice plants 
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 (arrest) him if they catch him. 
9. The police 
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understood you. 
 (speak) more slowly, he might have 
10. If you 
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Look at some pictures and some examples. 
Ex1. If I get wet, I have a flu. 
Ex2. If it rains heavily, this area is flooded . 
Ex3. If you put salt into water, it dissolves . 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
1. Zero conditional sentence 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
1. Zero conditional sentence 
Form : 
Use : talk about a scientific fact or something that is generally true (habitual or automatic results). “If” can often be replaced by “when” 
If- clause 
Main clause/result clause 
Present tenses 
Present simple 
Imperative form (V-inf/ Don’t V-inf) 
Ex1 . If you cut your finger, it bleeds . 
Ex2 . When I meet him, I talk to him for a long time . 
2. Mixed conditional sentences 
a. Type 2 + type 3 
If- clause (type 2) 
Main clause/result clause (type 3) 
Past simple tense 
Would + have + Vpp 
Situation 1: Linda forgave her boyfriend for his betrayal last time. You do not agree with her. Give her some advice. 
=> If I were her, I wouldn’t have forgiven him for his betrayal last time . 
Situation 2: Linda doesn’t know French, so she didn’t get the job. 
=> If she knew French, she would have got the job. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Use : refer to an unreal present situation and its probable (but unreal) past result. 
2. Mixed conditional sentences 
b. Type 3 + type 2 
If- clause (type 3) 
Main clause/result clause (type 2) 
Past perfect tense 
Would + V-inf 
Ex1 . : If I had waited the bus 22, I would be late now . 
(In fact, I am not late now because I didn’t wait the bus 22) 
Ex2 : If she hadn’t won that lottery, she wouldn’t be rich . 
(In reality, she is rich because she won that lottery.) 
Use : refer to an unreal past condition and its possible result in the present. 
These sentences express a situation which is contrary to reality both in the past and in the present. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Exercise 3. Match the clauses in column A with their suitable results in column B by typing letters (A – F) in the boxes. 
Column A 
Column B 
A. 
I would travel around the world. 
B. 
I would have learned Korean. 
C. 
she wouldn't have forgiven for him. 
D. 
they do not mix 
E. 
smile and say "May I help you?" 
F. 
everyone would be happier now. 
B 
1. If I were younger, 
E 
2. If someone comes into the store, 
F 
3. If Sarah had come to the party, 
C 
4. If she weren't his mother, 
A 
5. If I had won the lottery, 
D 
6. If you pour this oil into water, 
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* Provided ( that) / providing ( that): miễn là 
* As long as, so long as : miễn là 
* On condition (that ): với điều kiện là 
* Suppose (that), supposing : giả sử như 
* Imagine (that): tưởng tượng rằng 
* Assuming (that): cho rằng 
* In case ( that): trong trường hợp 
* When: khi 
* W henever: mỗi khi (usually used in zero condition) 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Examples 
* Supposing, suppose (that), Imagine (that) 
Mary: Hey Jane, supposing he calls what will you do? 
Jane: Well, I don’t know. We will just talk, I guess. 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Examples 
Jane: Do you come to the party tonight? 
Kevin: I will (come to the party) provided that you go with me. 
* Providing/ Provided that 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Whenever Mary goes to New York, she buys a lot of new clothes. (zero condition) 
Examples 
* Whenever 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
* Unless (Nếu không ) + S + V , main clause. 
Example 
Unless he had helped me, I wouldn’t have solved such a difficult Math problem. 
= If he had not helped me, I wouldn’t have solved such a difficult Math problem. 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
* Unless (Nếu không ) + S + V , main clause. 
NOTE: In the clause with “Unless” , “ NOT” or other negative prefixes such as “UN-, IM-, IR-, IL-, DIS- mustn’t be used. 
Unless he obeys his boss, he will be sacked . 
Example: 
Unless he disobeys his boss, he won’t be sacked. 
 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
* But for (nếu không có) + N 
Ex : But for your help , I would have failed the exam. 
= if you hadn’t helped me , I would have failed the exam. 
* Without (nếu không có) + N = if there to be not 
Ex: without the book, he would know nothing. 
= if there were not the book, he would know nothing. 
* Imperative, Or/ otherwise + future tense (nếu không thì) 
Ex: don’t do that again, or I will call the police. 
= if you do that again, I’ll call the police 
3. Other ways of making a conditional sentence. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
4 . As if/As though 
a. Expressing a real event at present. 
 S + V ( present) + As if/ As though + S + V ( present). 
	Ex. He looks as if he is rich. ( He may be rich in fact.) 
b. Expressing an unreal event at present. 
	S + V (present) As if/ As though + S + V (past). 
	Ex. He acts as though he were rich. (In fact, he is not rich.) 
c. Expressing an unreal event in the past. 
	S + V (past) + As if/ As though + S + V ( past perfect). 
	Ex. She looked as if she had seen a ghost. 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Examples 
1. If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the train. 
=> Should he not hurry up, he will miss the train. 
V-inf 
a. Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 1 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Form: 
Should + S+ (not) V-inf , main clause 
NOTE: Shouldn’t + S + V-inf, main clause 
a. Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 1 
Example: Should he not hurry up , he will miss the train. 
Situation: he may miss the train, so he should hurry up. 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Examples 
1. If I were Tom , I would prepare for the test right now. 
=> Were I Tom , I would prepare for the test right now. 
b. Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 2 
Situation: Tom has a test tomorrow but now he is watching TV. 
Requirement: Let’s give Tom advice. 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
Examples 
b. Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 2 
2. If Tom didn’t watch TV now , he could hear the phone ringing. 
= Were Tom not to watch TV now , he could hear the phone ringing. 
Situation: Tom is watching TV now, so he can’t hear the phone ringing. 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
b. Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 2 
Form: 
Were + S+ O, main clause 
Were + S + (not) to Vinf , main clause 
Examples: 
1. Were I Tom , I would do homework right now . 
2. Were Tom not to watch TV now , he could hear the phone ringing. 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
c. Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 3 
1. If my parents hadn’t encouraged me , I wouldn’t have graduated. 
(= Had my parents not encouraged me , I wouldn’t have graduated.) 
Examples 
Situation: My parents encouraged me a lot, so I graduated. 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
c . Inversion of Conditional Sentence Type 3 
Form: 
Had + S+ (not) + Vp2 + O, main clause 
Examples: 
2 . Had my parents not encouraged me , I wouldn’t have graduated . 
IT’S TIME TO PRACTICE ! 
5 . Inversions of conditions 
III. Other cases of conditional sentences. 
1. I'll give you $ 100 if you say nothing about this. 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
provided that 
B) 
what if 
C) 
unless 
2. If your company went bankrupt, what would you do ? 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
On condition 
B) 
Just suppose 
C) 
As long as 
3. If you had to live in another country, where would you go ? 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
On condition 
B) 
Unless 
C) 
Imagine 
4. We'll let him out of prison if he reports to the police station every day. 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
supposing 
B) 
as long as 
C) 
unless 
5. I'll take them to court if they don't pay me what they owe. 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
unless 
B) 
imagine 
C) 
provided that 
6. If you won a million pounds, what would you do with it ? 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
Providing 
B) 
As long as 
C) 
Imagine 
7. If they keep to the agreement, I'll give them the money. 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
What if 
B) 
Imagine 
C) 
So long as 
8. You'll be alright if you take some travellers' cheques. 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
provided that 
B) 
imagine 
C) 
what if 
9. I'll complain to the manager if you don't give me a different room. 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
as long as 
B) 
unless 
C) 
imagine 
10. If all the hotels were full, would we stay ? 
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Exercise 4. Choose the correct word or phrase to replace “ if / if – don’t ” in these sentences. 
A) 
Provided that 
B) 
As long as 
C) 
Suppose 
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1. If everyone .........., how would we control the traffic ? (trích đề thi đại học năm 2010) 
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Exercise 5. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences. 
A) 
could fly 
B) 
flies 
C) 
can fly 
D) 
had flown 
2. ........... my mother's encouragement, I wouldn't have made such a daring decision. (trích đề thi đại học năm 2014) 
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Exercise 5. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences. 
A) 
Until 
B) 
In spite 
C) 
Providing 
D) 
But for 
3. Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they .......... their student cards. 
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The correct answer is: 
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Exercise 5. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences. 
A) 
didn't produce 
B) 
produced 
C) 
don't produce 
D) 
hadn't produced 
4. If John does not change his working style, he will be sacked soon.=> Unless ............................................................. (trích đề thi TN THPT QG năm 2015) 
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The correct answer is: 
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Exercise 5. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences. 
A) 
John changes his working style, he will be sacked soon. 
B) 
John doesn’t change his working style, he would be sacked soon. 
C) 
John changes his working style, he won’t be sacked soon. 
D) 
John changed his working style, he will be sacked soon. 
5. Without your help, I ............ the technical problem with my computer the other day. 
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Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue 
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Exercise 5. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences. 
A) 
wouldn't solve 
B) 
couldn't have solved 
C) 
could solve 
D) 
can't solve 
6. She didn't pass the exam because of her serious illness.=> Had she not .......................................................... (trích đề thi TN THPT QG năm 2016) 
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Incorrect - Click anywhere to continue 
Correct. Congratulation ! 
Your answer: 
The correct answer is: 
Incorrect. Try again! 
You must a