Tài liệu dạy thêm cả năm Tiếng Anh 11 (cơ bản)

TÀI LIỆU DẠY THÊM CẢ NĂM TIẾNG ANH 11 CƠ BẢN
	(BẢN GV)
UNIT 1: FRIENDSHIP –(FOR TEACHER )
UNIT 1: FRIENDSHIP 
A.VOCABULARY 
Tình bạn
1. acquaintance (n) [ə'kweintəns]: người quen
2. admire (v) [əd'maiə]: ngưỡng mộ
3. aim (n) [eim]: mục đích
4. appearance (n) [ə'piərəns]: vẻ bề ngoài
5. attraction (n) [ə'træk∫n]: sự thu hút
6. be based on (exp) [beis]: dựa vào
7. benefit (n) ['benifit]: lợi ích
8. calm (a) [kɑ:m]: điềm tĩnh
9. caring (a) [keəriη]: chu đáo
10. change (n,v) [t∫eindʒ]: (sự) thay đổi
 + changeable (a) ['t∫eindʒəbl]: có thể thay đổi
11. close (a) [klous]: gần gũi, thân thiết
12. concerned (with) (a) [kən'sə:nd]: quan tâm
13. condition (n) [kən'di∫n]: điều kiện
14. constancy (n) ['kɔnstənsi]: sự kiên định
 + constant (a) ['kɔnstənt]: kiên định
15. crooked (a) ['krukid]: cong
16. delighted (a) [di'laitid]: vui mừng
17. enthusiasm (n) [in'θju:ziæzm]: lòng nhiệt tình
18. feature (n) ['fi:t∫ə]: đặc điểm
19. forehead (n) ['fɔ:rid, 'fɔ:hed]: trán
20. generous (a) ['dʒenərəs]: rộng rãi, rộng lượng
21. get out of (v) [get aut əv]: ra khỏi (xe)
22. give-and-take (n) [giv ænd teik]: sự nhường nhịn
23. good-looking (a) [gud 'lukiη]: dễ nhìn
24. good-natured (a) ['gud'neit∫əd]: tốt bụng
25. gossip (v)['gɔsip]: ngồi lê đôi mách
26. height (n) [hait]: chiều cao
27. helpful (a) ['helpful]: giúp đỡ, giúp ích
28. honest (a) ['ɔnist]: trung thực
29. hospitable (a) ['hɔspitəbl]: hiếu khách
30. humorous (a) ['hju:mərəs]: hài hước
31. in common (exp) ['kɔmən]:chung
32. incapable (of) (a)[in'keipəbl]: không thể
33. influence (v) ['influəns]: ảnh hưởng
34. insist on (v)[in'sist]: khăng khăng
35. last (v) [lɑ:st]: kéo dài
 + lasting (a) ['lɑ:stiη]: bền vững
36. lifelong (a) ['laiflɔη]: suốt đời
37. loyal (a) ['lɔiəl]: trung thành 
+ loyalty (n) ['lɔiəlti]: lòng trung thành
38. medium (a)['mi:diəm]: trung bình
39. modest (a) ['mɔdist]: khiêm tốn
40. mutual (a) ['mju:tjuəl]: lẫn nhau
41. personality (n) [,pə:sə'næləti]: tích cách, phẩm chất
42. pursuit (n) [pə'sju:t]: mưu cầu
43. quality (n) ['kwɔliti]: phẩm chất
44. quick-witted (a) ['kwik'witid]: nhanh trí
45. relationship (n)[ri'lei∫n∫ip]mối quan hệ
46. rumour (n) ['ru:mə]: lời đồn
47. secret (n) ['si:krit]: bí mật
48. selfish (a) ['selfi∫]: ích kỷ
49. sense of humour (n) [sens əv 'hju:mə]: óc hài hước
50. sincere (a) [sin'siə]: thành thật
51. studious (a)['stju:diəs]: chăm chỉ
52. suspicion (n) [sə'spi∫n]: sự nghi ngờ 
 + suspicious (a) [sə'spi∫əs]: nghi ngờ
53. sorrow (n) ['sɔrou]: nỗi buồn
54. sympathy (n) ['simpəθi]: sự thông cảm
55. take up (v) ['teik'ʌp]: đề cập đến
56. uncertain (a) [ʌn'sə:tn]không chắc chắn
57. understanding (a) [,ʌndə'stændiη]: thấu hiểu
58. unselfishness (n) [,ʌn'selfi∫nis]: tính không ích kỷB. GRAMMAR :
TO-INFINITIVES / BARE INFINITIVES / GERUNDS
(Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”, nguyên mẫu không “to”, danh động từ)
1. To-infinitive / Infinitive with to
* Động từ nguyên mẫu có to được dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ của câu: 
 To become a famous singer is her dream.
- Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: 
What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand.
- Tân ngữ của động từ: 
It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
- Tân ngữ của tính từ: 
I’m pleased to see you.
* Verb + to-inf
- afford: đáp ứng
- agree: đồng ý
- appear: hình như
- arrange: sắp xếp 
- ask: yêu cầu
- attempt: cố gắng, nỗ lực
- decide: quyết định
- expect: mong đợi
- fail: thất bại, hỏng
- hope: hy vọng
- intend: định
- invite: mời
- learn: học/ học cách
- manage: xoay sở, cố gắng 
- offer: cho, tặng, đề nghị
- plan: lên kế họach 
- pretend: giả vờ
- promise: hứa 
- refuse: từ chối
- seem: dường như 
- tell: bảo
- tend: có khuynh hướng 
- threaten: đe dọa 
- want: muốn
- would like: muốn, thích - 
* Trong các cấu trúc:
 + It takes / took + O + thời gian + to-inf 
It takes Nam two hours to do that exercise. 
 + Chỉ mục đích
I went to the post office to send a letter.
 + Bổ ngữ cho danh từ hoặc đại từ: S + V + Noun / pronoun + to-inf
I have some letters to write.
Is there anything to eat?
 + It + be + adj + to-inf: thật để ..
It is interesting to study English
+ S + be + adj + to-inf
I’m happy to receive your latter.
+ S + V + too + adj / adv + to-inf
He is too short to play basket ball.
+ S + V + adj / adv + enough + to-inf
He isn’t tall enough to play basket ball.
+ S + find / think / believe + it + adj + to-inf
I find it difficult to learn English vocabulary.
+ Sau các từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how, (nhưng thường không dùng sau why)
I don’t know what to say.
* Note:
- allow / permit / advise / recommend + O + to-inf 
Ex: She allowed me to use her pen.
- allow / permit / advise / recommend + V-ing 
Ex: She didn’t allow smoking in her room
II. Bare infinitive / Infinitive without to
* V + O + bare inf
- let 
- make 
- had better 
- would rather
Ex: He made me cry.
 You had better take an aspirin.
Note 
1. be + made + to-inf
Ex: I was made to cean my room.
2. Động từ help:
- help + V1 / to-inf
- help + O + V1 / to-inf
- help + O + with + N
Ex: My brother helped me do my homework.
 My brother helped me to do my homework.
 My brother helped me with my homework.
3. Động từ chỉ tri giác:
- Các động từ chỉ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find .. + O + V1 (chỉ sự hoàn tất của hành động – nghe hoặc thấy toàn bộ sự việc diễn ra)
Ex: I saw her get off the bus.
- Các động từ chỉ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find .. + O + V-ing (chỉ sự việc đang diễn ra)
Ex: I smell something burning in the kitchen.
III. Gerunds (V-ing)
* Danh động từ có thể được dùng làm:
- Chủ từ của câu: Swimming is my favourite sport.
- Bổ ngữ của động từ: My hobby is collecting stamps.
- Tân ngữ của động từ: I enjoy traveling. 
* Verb + V-ing 
- admit: thừa nhận
- avoid: tránh
- consider: xem xét
- delay: hoãn
- deny: phủ nhận
- detest: ghét
- encourage: khích lệ
- fancy: thích
- finish: kết thúc
- hate: ghét
- imagine: tưởng tượng 
- involve: liên quan
- mention: đề cập đến
- mind: ngại 
- miss: bỏ lỡ
- postpone: hoãn lại
- practice: luyện tập 
- quit: từ bỏ 
- risk: có nguy cơ
- suggest: đề nghị 
- It is no use: không có ích
- It is no good: không tốt 
- waste / spend: lãng phí, bỏ ra (thời gian, tiền bạc)
- have difficulty / trouble: gặp khó khăn/trở ngại
- can’t help: không thể không
- can’t stand / can’t bear: không chịu đựng nỗi
- feel like: cảm thấy thích
- look forward to: mong chờ, mong đợi
- It is (not) worth: đáng / không đáng
- keep / keep on: tiếp tục
- be busy: bận rộn 
- be used to / get used to: quen với / trở nên quen với việc gì
Ex: They couldn’ help laughing when they heard the little boy singing a love song.
 The students are used to working in the school library.
 Please wait a minute. My boss is busy writing something.
* Sau các liên từ: after, before, when, while, since, dùng V-ing
Ex: After finishing his homework, he went to bed.
* Giới từ + V-ing:
Ex: My sister is interested in listening to music.
IV. Infinitives or Gerunds (To-inf / V-ing)
1. Không thay đổi nghĩa:
- begin / start / continue/ like / love + To-inf / V-ing
Ex: It started to rain / raining.
2. Thay đổi nghĩa:
+ remember / forget / regret + V-ing: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc đã xảy ra rồi (trong quá khứ)
+ remember / forget / regret + to-inf: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc chưa, sắp xảy ra (trong tương lai)
Ex: Don’t forget to turn off the light when you go to bed.
 I remember meeting you some where but I can’t know your name.
 Remember to send her some flowers because today is her birthday.
+ stop + V-ing: dừng hẳn việc gì
+ stop + to-inf: dừng .. để 
Ex: He stopped smoking because it is harmful for his health.
 On the way home, I stopped at the post office to buy a newspaper.
+ try + V-ing: thử 
+ try + to-inf: cố gắng
+ need + V-ing = need + to be + V3: cần được (bị động)
+ need + to-inf: cần (chủ động)
Ex: I need to wash my car.
 My car is very dirty. It needs washing / to be washed.
 + Cấu trúc nhờ vả:
S + have + O người + V1 + O vật ...
S + have + O vật + V3/-ed + (by + O người) ...
S + get + O người + to-inf + O vật
S + get + O vật + V3/-ed + (by + O người)
Ex: I had my brother clean the house.
 I had the house cleaned by my brother.
2. DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU (GERUND AND INFINITIVE)
2.1. Những động từ theo sau bởi “Ving”
STT
Cấu trúc
Nghĩa
1
Admit doing st
thú nhận làm gì
2
Deny doing st
phủ nhận làm gì
3
Appreciate doing st
cảm kích làm gì
4
Avoid doing st
tránh làm gì
5
Delay/postpone/put off doing st
hoãn lại làm gì
6
Hate/detest/resent doing st
ghét làm gì
7
Enjoy/fancy doing st
thích làm gì
8
Imagine doing st
tưởng tượng làm gì
9
Involve doing st
có liên quan làm gì
10
Keep doing st
cứ làm gì
11
Mention doing st
đề cập làm gì
12
Mind doing st
phiền/ngại làm gì
13
Miss doing st
suýt, lỡ làm gì
14
Tolerate doing st
chịu đựng làm gì
15
Practice doing st
thực hành làm gì
16
Recall doing st
nhớ lại làm gì
17
Consider doing st
xem xét, cân nhắc làm gì
18
Resist doing st
phản đối làm gì
19
Risk doing st
liều lĩnh làm gì
20
Suggest doing st
gợi ý làm gì
21
Finish doing st
hoàn thành làm gì
22
Recommend doing st
đề xuất làm gì
23
Be busy doing st
bận làm gì
24
Be worth doing st
đáng làm gì
25
Look forward to doing st
mong đợi làm gì
26
Feel like doing st
thích/muốn làm gì
27
There is no point in doing st
= It’s no use/good doing st
không đáng làm gì
28
Get/be accustomed/used to doing st
quen làm gì
29
Spend time doing st
dành thời gian làm gì
30
Waste time doing st
lãng phí thời gian làm gì
31
Have difficulty (in) doing st
gặp khó khăn trong việc làm gì
32
Can’t help/stand/bear doing st
không thể chịu/nhịn được
2.2. Những động từ theo sau bởi “TO V”
STT
Cấu trúc
Nghĩa
1
Afford to do st
có đủ khả năng làm gì
2
Agree to do st
đồng ý làm gì
3
Arrange to do st
sắp xếp làm gì
4
Appear to do st
hóa ra là
5
Ask to do st
yêu cầu làm gì
6
Attempt to do st
nỗ lực làm gì
7
Care to do st
quan tâm làm gì
8
Choose to do st
chọn làm gì
9
Claim to do st
thú nhận làm gì
10
Decide to do st
quyết định làm gì
11
Demand to do st
yêu cầu làm gì
12
Deserve to do st
xứng đáng làm gì
13
Expect to do st
mong muốn làm gì
14
Fail to do st
thất bại làm gì
15
Happen to do st
tình cờ làm gì
16
Hesitate to do st
ngập ngừng làm gì
17
Hope to do st
hy vọng làm gì
18
Intend to do st
dự định làm gì
19
Learn to do st
học làm gì
20
Manage to do st
xoay xở làm gì
21
Neglect to do st
sao nhãng làm gì
22
Offer to do st
đề nghị làm gì
23
Plan to do st
có kế hoạch làm gì
24
Prepare to do st
chuẩn bị làm gì
25
Pretend to do st
giả vờ làm gì
26
Promise to do st
hứa làm gì
27
Propose to do st
đề xuất làm gì
28
Refuse to do st
từ chối làm gì
29
Seem to do st
dường như làm gì
30
Swear to do st
thề làm gì
31
Tend to do st
có khuynh hướng làm gì
32
Threaten to do st
dọa làm gì
33
Vow to do st
thề làm gì
34
Wait to do st
chờ làm gì
35
Want to do st
muốn làm gì
36
Wish to do st
ước mơ làm gì
37
Would like to do st
muốn, thích làm gì
38
Yearn/desire to do st
khát khao làm gì
39
Ask/tell sb to do st
bảo ai đó làm gì
40
Assume sb to do st
cho rằng ai đó làm gì
41
Beg sb to do st
cãu xin ai làm gì
42
Believe sb to do st
tin tưởng ai làm gì
43
Cause sb to do st
khiến cho ai làm gì
44
Challenge sb to do st
mời ai đó tham gia vào
45
Command sb to do st
yêu cầu ai làm gì
46
Compel sb to do st
bắt buộc ai làm gì
47
Consider sb to do st
xem xét ai làm gì
48
Enable sb to do st
làm cho ai có thể làm gì
49
Encourage sb to do st
khuyến khích ai làm gì
50
Expect sb to do st
mong đợi làm gì
51
Forbid sb to do st
cấm ai làm gì
52
Force sb to do st
ép ai đó làm gì
53
Get sb to do st
bảo ai đó làm gì
54
Instruct sb to do st
chỉ dẫn ai làm gì
55
Invite sb to do st
mời ai đó làm gì
56
Order sb to do st
ra lệnh cho ai làm gì
57
Prefer sb to do st
muốn ai đó làm gì hơn
58
Persuade sb to do st
thuyết phục ai làm gì
59
Remind sb to do st
nhắc nhở ai làm gì
60
Request sb to do st
đòi hỏi ai làm gì
61
Warn sb not to do st
cảnh báo ai không làm gì
62
Teach sb to do st
dạy ai làm gì
63
Urge sb to do st
hối thúc ai làm gì
64
Tempt sb to do st
xúi giục ai làm gì
65
Want sb to do st
muốn ai đó làm gì
66
To/in order to/so as to + V
để làm gì (chỉ mục đích)
67
It takes sb + time + to V
ai đó tốn bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì
68
Be about to V = be going to V
chuẩn bị làm gì
69
How/when/where/what/who/whether+ To V
70
Find it adj + to V
thấy cái gì như thế nào để làm gì
71
The first/second/ third/..../last/ only + to V
đầu tiên/thứ hai/thứ ba,..../cuối cùng/duy nhất làm gì
2.3. Những động từ theo sau bởi cả “TO V, Ving hoặc V(bare)”
STT
Cấu trúc
Nghĩa
1
Try to do st
Try doing st
cố gắng làm gì
thử làm gì
2
Remember to do st
Remember doing st
nhớ phải làm gì
nhớ đã làm gì
3
Forget to do st
Forget doing st
quên phải làm gì
quên đã làm gì
4
Advise sb to do st
Advise doing st
khuyên ai đó làm gì
khuyên làm gì
5
Allow/permit sb to do st
Allow/permit doing st
cho phép ai đó làm gì
cho phép làm gì
6
Recommend sb to do st
Recommend doing st
khuyên bảo/dặn/đề nghị ai đó làm gì
khuyên bảo/dặn/đề nghị làm gì
7
Encourage sb to do st
Encourage doing st
khuyến khích ai đó làm gì
khuyến khích làm gì
8
Mean to do st
Mean doing st
dự định làm gì
có nghĩa là
9
Regret to do st
Regret doing st
rất lấy làm tiếc khi phải làm gì
hối tiếc vì đã làm gì
10
Go on to do st
Go on doing st
tiếp tục làm điều gì sau khi hoàn tất một công việc
chỉ sự liên tục của hành động
11
V(tri giác) + 0 + V(bare)
Ving
khi chứng kiến toàn bộ sự việc
khi chứng kiến một phần sự việc
12
Stop to do st
Stop doing st
dừng lại để làm gì
dừng hẳn làm gì
13
Need to do st
Need doing st
cần phải làm gì
cần phải được làm
14
Help sb do/to do st
giúp ai đó làm gì
15
Have sb do st = get sb to do st
Have/get st done
nhờ ai đó làm gì
có cái gì được làm bởi ai
16
Used to do st
Be/get used to doing st
thường làm gì trong quá khứ
thường làm gì ở hiện tại
 C.PRACTISE 
UNIT 1	Friendship
Choose the words which contain the sound / and 
education, engineer, damage, mutual, computer, children, teach, Christmas, machine, village, religion, hamburger, enjoy, dirty, schedule, literature, information, question, orchestra, cheap, pleasure, feature, imaginary, jealous, cheese, jacket, geometry, green, purchase, suggest, instruction, essential, nature, fortunate. 
/tʃ/ 	mutual, children, teach, literature, question, cheap, feature, cheese, purchase, nature, fortunate
/dʒ/ 	education, engineer, damage, village, religion, schedule, imaginary, jealous, jacket, geometry, suggest
Complete these sentences with the correct form of the word in the box.
constant capable selfish loyal suspicion acquaint enthusiast sympathize hospitable friend
His enthusiasm for music has stayed strong, throughout his 23 years in radio.
He showed unswerving loyalty to his friends.
We all have great sympathy for the victims of the flood. 
Intimate is very important because uncertain people cannot have a lifelong friendship.
It was very unselfish of him to offer us his room.
We were delighted by the wonderful hospitality of the local people. 
The wine had made him incapable of thinking clearly.
Playing a game with the children is a good way of getting them acquainted.
Inform the police immediately if you see anything suspicious.
Friendships need time to develop.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
I didn't have enough time to finish (finish) my work yesterday.
As she drove past his house, she noticed him running (run) away from home.
I was relieved to find out (find out) that I had passed the exam. 
She made her son wash (wash) the windows before he could go outside to play (play)with his friends.
She lets her children stay (stay) up very late.
We had nothing to do (do) except look at the cinema posters.
We both heard him say (say) that he was leaving.
It made him angry to wait (wait) for people who were late.
I couldn't understand what the passage said, so I had my friend translate (translate) it for me.
It's important to start (start) the meeting on time.
There are too many people here for me to talk (talk) to all of them.
It took ages to download (download) the pictures from the Internet.
Whenever I have free time, I like to watch (watch) the basketball team practicing (practice).
She sent me an e-mail to inform ( inform) me that the meeting had been canceled.
It was a thrill to see ( see) my brother win ( win) the chess tournament last year.
Combine the given idea into one sentence. Add to when an infinitive is required.
use/ scissors/ tool are/ for/ sharp/ very young children
Scissors are too sharp for very young children to use.
wrong/ consider/ they/ smoke/ it/ in public places
They consider it wrong to smoke in public places.
let/ I/ stay/ think/ them/ should/ the weekend/ until/ we
I think we should let them stay until the weekend.
climb/ the first/ oxygen/ who/ Everest/ without/ person/ was?
Who was the first person to climb the Everest without oxygen?
noticed/ run/ him/ from/ away/ she/ home
She noticed him running away from home.
made/ the film/ laugh/ right from/ them/ the first few minutes.
The film made them laugh right from the first few minutes.
I'll/ look at/ the plumber/ have/ the central heating boiler
I’ll have the plumber look at the central heating boiler.
the answer/ you/ it/ work out/ clever/ of/ was
You was clever to work out the answer of it.
the tourists/ back/ when/ be/ the guide/ didn't/ tell/ at the coach
The guide didn’t tell the tourists when to be back at the coach.
hear/ enough/ the guide/ clearly/ everyone/ didn't/ loudly/ for/ speak
The guide didn’t speak loudly enough for everyone to hear.
Choose the correct answers.
Instead of buying a new pair of shoes, I had my old ones _________
a. repair 	b. to repair	c. repairing	d. repaired
It's possible _________ a train across Canada.
a. take	b. to take 	c. taking 	 	d. to be taken
Now that we've finished painting the house, there is nothing left _______.
a. to do 	b. for doing 	c. to be done 	 d. for being done
Before we leave, let's have Shelley __ a map for us so we won't get lost.
a. draw 	b. to draw 	c. drawing 	 d. drawn
I can hear a cat _________ at the window.
a. scratches	b. to scratch 	c. scratching 	 d. was scratching
I think your mother should let you _________ your own mind.
a. make up 	b. to make up 	c. making up 	d. made up
The police never found the money _________ in the robbery. 
a. stealing 	b. be stolen 	c. steal 	d. stolen
Do you know what made so many people _________ their home?
a. evacuate 	b. to evacuate	c. evacuated 	 d. be evacuated
_________ bread, you usually need flour, salt, and yeast.
a. Make 	b. To make 	c. Making 	d. For make
We saw our favorite ballet _________ at the theater last night.
a. perform 	b. performing 	c. performed 	 d. in performing
He was never heard _________ 'thank you' in his life.
a. say 	b. to say 	c. saying	d. said
I was delighted _________ my old friends again.
a. to see 	b. seeing 	c. seen 	d. to be seen
_________ to friends is nice but _________ alone is also enjoyable.
a. Talk/ to be	 	b. To talk/ be 	c. Talk/ be 	 d. Talking/ being
I'd rather _________ to Elvis than the Beatles.
a. listen 	b. to listen 	c. listening	d. listened
I can make myself _________ pretty well in English.
a. understand 	b. to understand 	c. understanding d. understood
There is at least one mistake in each sentence. Suggest appropriate corrections.
She longed the holidays to come so that she could be with her family again. (longed for)
I overheard say that he's thinking of moving to Manchester. (him say)
They were seen climb through the window. (climbing)
Very reluctantly, he consented her to lend the .money to Janet. (consented to)
My parents always encouraged work hard at school. (working)
For years the group has been campaigning an inquiry to hold into the accident. (held)
I watched a pavement artist to draw a portrait in crayons. (drawing)
Sam promised me to show me how to fish for salmon, but he never had the time. (to show)
It's easier to do it yourself than to explain to somebody else how to do it. (explain)
He was never heard say 'thank you' in his life. (to say)
This card entitles to take an extra person with you free. (freely)
They let me to borrow their car while they were on holiday. (borrow)
I explained enough for her understanding what was happening. (to understand)
To see him to walk down the street, you'd never know he was blind. (walking)
Most people are afraid hearing the truth about them. (afraid of)
Complete each of the sentences with an appropriate preposition.
A selfish person is incapable of true friendship.
He was accused of being disloyal to the government.
How much time do you spend on homework?
Good friendship should be based on mutual understanding.
Do you keep in touch with any school friends?
Some adults have a total lack of sympathy for (towards) young people.
He's more concerned about (for) what people think about him than anything else. 
She had been briefly acquainted with him more than 20 years earlier.
She thought of him very often.
Some people take up interest with enthusiasm, but they are soon tired of it.
Rewrite the sentence or join the pairs of sentences beginning with the word(s) given.
He worked out the answer. It was clever of him.
It was clever of him to work out the answer. 
Marie always pays her bills regularly. She's careful that way.
Marie is always careful of paying her bills regularly.
He was crossing the road. I caught sight of him.
I noticed him crossing the road.
When we finally heard that David had arrived, we were very relieved.
We were relieved to hear that David had arrived.
Why have you thrown up your job? You're mad.
You are mad to throw up your job.
Jimmy got into his car and drove away. I saw this. 
I saw Jimmy get into his car and drive away.
It is disappointing that we haven't heard from Molly.
We are disappointed not to hear from Molly.
Contacting her at work is usually quite easy.
She is usually quite easy to contact at work.
The house shook violently and all of us felt that.
All of us felt the house shaking violently.
Can you sign the papers please? They are ready now.
The papers are ready for you to sign.
Don't lend Tom any money. That would be most unwise.
 You would be unwise to lend Tom any money.
Mr. Pinchley doesn’t allow his teenage children to go out in the evenings.
 Mr. Pinchley makes his teenage children stay home in the evenings.
What I want to do is start my own business. I’m keen.
 I am keen on starting my own business.
Harry couldn’t get his parents’ permission to buy a motorbike.
 Harry’s parents didn’t let him buy a motorbike.
We can’t possibly work in this noise.
It’s impossible for us to work in this noise.
TEST 1
UNIT 1 	TEST 1
PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
a. machine	b. change	c. teacher	d. choose
a. condition	b. option	c. suggestion	d. relation
a. believe	b. readily	c. friend	d. pleasure 
a. good 	b. gossip	c. game	d. geometry
a. trust 	b. mutual	c. number	d. uncertain
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c, or d - that best completes the sentences or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
It was so relaxing to be ________ old friends.
a. in 	b. between 	c. among 	d. around
She's made friends ________ a little girl who lives next door.
a. to 	b. of 	c. by 	d. with
The children seem to be totally capable ________ working by themselves.
a. on 	b. of 	c. in	d. for
Your friendship should be based on ________ trust.
a. basic b. fragile 	 c. mutual	d. blind
The company expects ________ from its employees.
a. constancy 	b. quality 	c. interest	d. loyalty
I've got lots of ________, but only a few are really good friends
a. close friends 	b. acquaintances 	c. neighbors 	d. partners
Friendship is a two-sided ________, it lives by give-and-take.
a. affair 	b. event 	c. aspect 	d. feature
Unselfishness is the very essence of friendship.
a. romantic part 	b. important part 	c. difficult part 	d. interesting part
They ________ a close friendship at university.
a. created 	b. became	c. promoted 	d. formed
We stayed friends even after we ________ and left home.
a. brought up 	b. turned up 	c. grew up 	d. took up
Choose the word or phrase -a, b, c, or d -that best completes the sentence.
He finds it ________ lasting friendships.
a. difficult to make 	b. difficulty in making
c. is difficult to make 	d. difficult making
You ________ any friends if you ________ talking like that.
a. will win/ carry on 	b. won't win/ carry on
c. wouldn't win/ carried on 	d. would have won/ had carried on
The aim of the culture festival is ________ friendship between the two countries
a. promote 	b. promoting 	c. to promote 	d. being promoted
People he ________ turned out to be only fair-weather friends.
a. trusted 	b. has trusted 	c. was trusting 	d. had trusted
How can you let such a silly incident ________ your friendship? 
a. wreck 	b. to wreck 	c. wrecking 	d. that wrecks
It has become necessary ________ water in the metropolitan area because of the severe drought.
a. rationing 	b. ration 	c. to ration 	d. to have rationed
All the passengers were made ________ their seat belts during the turbulence. 
a. buckle 	b. to buckle 	c. buckling 	d. for buckling.
________ good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream.
a. Make 	b. Making 	c. To make 	d. For make
I got my friend ________ her car for the weekend. 
a. to let me to borrow 	b. to let me borrow
c. let me borrow 	d. let me to borrow
They ________ good friends, but they've fallen out recently.
a. used to be 	b. would be 	c. were 	d. are
Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
Whatever happened, I didn't want to lose friendship of Vera. (with)
 A B C D
The basic aims of science and magic are very similar - to understand
 A B C 
 and to control nature. (and control nature)
 D
It was a period of her life when she made some lifelong friendship.(friendships)
 A B C D
Simon finds it hard for making friends with other children. (to make friends)
 A B C D
Not longer are contributions to the advancement of industry made
 A B C D
 primarily by individuals.
READING
Fill in each blank with one appropriate word from the box.
 terms words came pieces touch change
 last experience talk accent get make
Meeting old school friends again can be a strange (31) experience. Some have changed so much that you can hardly recognise them: they speak with a different (32) accent, are interested in different things and all you can do is make small (33) talk and hope they'll go soon. Others, though you might have been out of (34) touch with them for years, are just the same as they always were - it's as if you (35) last saw them yesterday. 
Before you know it, you're exchanging (36) words about your families and friends, and setting out the (37) pieces for another game of chess. A few change for the better. There's one person that I (38) get on with very well now, though we weren't on speaking (39) terms for our last two years at school. One day, we met at a party and made it up and (40) came engaged the same evening.
Read the passage carefully, then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
The proverb 'A friend in need is a friend indeed.' means that we shall know who our real friends are when we are in need. Those who desert us when we are in difficulty are just unfaithful friends.
A true friend would remain with us whether we are rich or poor. Some people be friend the rich, simply for the sake of getting benefits from them.
It is useless to have insincere friends because these friends remain with us as long as we are rich or powerful. It is better to have one or two good friends rather than having hundreds of insincere ones. 
A true friend will stand by us in our trials and tribulations. He will be a great source of consolation and comfort in our troubles. So we must be careful in choosing our friends. It is difficult to choose a sincere friend overnight; it takes years for us to find a sincere friend.
Real friends share everything we need.	T
Unfaithful friends stop being our friends when we are in trouble.	T
A rich friend is always a true friend.	F
A true friend is always loyal to us and support us through our difficulties. T
It's not worth having a lot of friends.	F
It may take a lot of time to find a real friend.	T
WRITING
From the four words or phrases - a, b, c or d, choose the one that best completes the sentence.
________the promotion of health and to helping people avoid injury and disease.
a. To commit the Red Cross 	b. The Red Cross to commit
c. Committed to the Red Cross is	d. The Red Cross is committed to
It is possible ________ may assist some tree in saving water in the winter.
a. the leaves are lost 	b. when leaves have lost
c. that the loss of leaves 	d. to lose leaves
It can sometimes ________a home.
a. to take months to sell 	b. take several months to sell
c. selling takes several months 	d. to sell taking several months
Pioneer men and women endured terrible hardships, and so did their children.
a. so do their children 	b. neither did the children 
c. also the children 	d. so did their children
UNIT 1	TEST 2
PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that h