Tiếng Anh 11 - Unit 1: The generation gap - Key

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SAU ĐÂY XIN TẶNG BẠN FILE KEY UNIT1 Bùi Văn Vinh 11
Unit 1. THE GENERATION GAP - KEY
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR REVIEW
A. VOCABULARY 
afford 	/ə'fɔ:d/ 	(v.) 	có khả năng chi trả
attitude 	/'ætɪtju:d/ 	(n.) 	thái độ
burden 	/'bɜ:dn/ 	(n.) 	gánh nặng
casual 	/'kæʒuəl/ 	(adj.) 	bình thường, thường ngày
comfortable 	/'kʌmftəbl/ 	(adj.) 	thoải mái, dễ chịu
compare 	/kəm'peə(r)/ 	(v.) 	so sánh 
conflict 	/ kɒnflɪkt/ 	(n.) 	cuộc xung đột 
control 	/kən'trəʊl/ 	(v.) 	điểu khiển, chỉ đạo 
curfew	/'kə:fju:/ 	(n.) 	lệnh giới nghiêm 
dye 	/daɪ/ 	(v.) 	nhuộm 
elegant 	/'elɪgənt/ 	(adj.) 	thanh lịch, tao nhã 
flashy 	/'flæʃi/ 	(adj.) 	diện, hào nhoáng 
forbid 	/fə'bɪd/ 	(v.) 	cấm, ngăn cấm 
force 	/fɔ:s/	(v.) 	bắt buộc 
frustrating 	/frʌs'treɪtɪŋ/ 	(adj.) 	khó chịu, bực mình 
interact 	/ˌɪntə'rækt/ 	(v.) 	tương tác, giao tiếp 
judge 	/dʒʌdʒ/ 	(v.) 	phán xét, đánh giá 
mature 	/mə'tʃʊə(r)/ 	(adj.) 	trưởng thành, chín chắn 
norm 	/nɔ:m/ 	(n.) 	chuẩn mực 
obey 	/ə'beɪ/	 	(v.) 	vâng lời, tuân thủ 
pierce 	/pɪəs/ 	(v.) 	xấu khuyên (tai, mũi...) 
rude 	/ru:d/ 	(adj.) 	thô lỗ, lỗ mãng 
sibling 	/'sɪblɪŋ/ 	(n.) 	anh/ chị/ em ruột
skinny 	/skɪni/ 	(adj.)	 	bó sát, ôm sát 
spit 	/spɪt/ 	(v.) 	khạc nhổ 
swear 	/sweə(r)/ 	(v) 	thề, chửi thề 
tight 	/taɪt/ 	(adj.) 	bó sát, chật 
trend	 	/trend/ 	(n.) 	xu hướng 
trivial 	/'trɪviəl/ 	(adj.) 	nhỏ nhặt/ lặt vặt 
value 	/'vælju:/ 	(n.) 	giá trị 
brand name 	/brænd neɪm/ 	(compound n.) nhãn hiệu, thương hiệu 
bridge the gap 	/brɪdʒ ðə gæp/ 	(idiom) 	giảm thiểu sự khác biệt 
change one's mind 	/tʃeɪndʒ wʌnz maɪnd/ 	(idiom) 	thay đổi quan điểm 
childcare 	/'tʃaɪldkeə(r)/ 	(compound n.) việc chăm sóc con cái 
conservative 	/kən'sɜ:vətɪv/ 	(adj.) 	bảo thủ 
disapproval 	/ˌdɪsə'pru:vəl/ 	(n.) 	sự phản đối, không tán thành 
disrespect 	/ˌdɪsrɪ'spekt/ 	(v) 	không tôn trọng 
experienced 	/ɪk'spɪəriənst/ 	(adj.) 	có kinh nghiệm 
extended family 	/ɪk'stendɪd 'fæməli/ 	(compound n.) gia đình đa thế hệ 
extracurricular activity 	/ˌekstrəkə'rɪkjələr æk' tɪvəti/ 	(compound n.) hoạt động ngoại khóa 
fashionable 	/'fæʃənəbəl/ 	(adj.) 	hợp thời trang, theo mốt 
financial burden 	/faɪ'nænʃ1 'bɜ:dən/ 	(compound n.) gánh nặng tài chính 
follow in one's footsteps 	/'fɒləʊ ɪn wʌnz 'fʊtsteps/ 	(idiom) 	theo bước, nối nghiệp 
generation gap 	/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən ɡæp/ 	(compound n.) khoảng cách giữa các thế hệ 
homestay 	/'həʊmsteɪ/ 	(n) 	du lịch nghỉ tại nhà dân 
impose ... (on sb) 	/ɪm'pəʊz/ 	(v. phr.) 	áp đặt cái gì vào ai 
junk food 	/ˈdʒʌŋk ˌfuːd/ 	(compound n.) đồ ăn vặt 
multi-generational 	/ˈmʌlti ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl/ 	(adj.) 	đa thế hệ, nhiều thế hệ 
nuclear family 	/ˈnjuːkliə ˈfæməli/ 	(compound n.) gia đình hạt nhân 
objection 	/əbˈdʒekʃən/ 	(n.) 	sự phản kháng 
open-minded 	/ˈəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/	 	(adj.) 	cởi mở 
outweigh 	/ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ 	(v) 	vượt trội, nhiều hơn 
perception 	/pəˈsepʃən/ 	(n.) 	nhận thức 
perspective 	/pəˈspektɪv/ 	(n.) 	góc nhìn/ quan điểm 
privacy 	/ˈprɪvəsi/ 	(n.)	sự riêng tư 
relaxation 	/ˌri:lækˈseɪʃən/ 	(n.) 	thư giãn, giải trí 
responsible 	/rɪˈspɒnsəbəl/ 	(adj.) 	có trách nhiệm, chịu trách nhiệm 
state-owned 	/steɪt əʊnd/ 	(adj.) 	thuộc về nhà nước 
soft drink 	/ˌsɒft ˈdrɪŋk/ 	(n.) 	nước ngọt, đồ uống có ga 
table manners 	/ˈteɪbəl ˈmænərz/ 	(compound n.) cung cách ứng xử tại bàn ăn 
taste in 	/teɪst ɪn / 	(n. phr.) 	thị hiếu về, khiếu thẩm mỹ về 
viewpoint 	/ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ 	(n.) 	quan điểm 
work out 	/wɜ:k aʊt/ 	(phr. v.) 	tìm ra 
B. GRAMMAR REVIEW 
Modal Verbs: Must vs. Have to, Should vs. Ought to 
I. Giới thiệu chung về động từ khuyết thiếu 
1. Cách sử dụng 
Động từ khuyết thiếu được dùng để nêu lên khả năng thực hiện hành động, sự bắt buộc, khả năng xảy ra của sự việc, vv. 
2. Hình thức 
- Theo sau chủ ngữ và đứng trước động từ nguyên thể không có “to” 
- Không chia theo chủ ngữ (trừ trường hợp “have to”) 
- Thêm “not” phía sau khi ở dạng phủ định (trừ trường hợp “have to”) 
Ví dụ: 	I must go. (Tôi phải đi rồi.) 
He should not disturb her now. (Anh ta không nên làm phiền cô ấy lúc này.) 
II. So sánh must và have to 
1. Dạng khẳng định 
Must: Diễn tả sự cần thiết hay bắt buộc mang tính chủ quan (do người nói quyết định) 
S+ must + V
Ví dụ: I must finish the exercises. (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập.) 
Tình huống: Im going to have a party. (Tôi có ý định đi dự tiệc.) 
Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tính khách quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khác quyết định) 
S+ have to/ has to/ had to/ ... + V
Ví dụ: I have to finish the exercises. (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập.) 
Tình huống: Tomorrow is the deadline. (Ngày mai là hạn cuối.) 
2. Dạng phủ định 
Must not: Diễn tả ý cấm đoán 
S+ must not (mustn't) + V
Ví dụ: You must not eat that. (Bạn không được phép ăn cái đó.) 
Tình huống: It's already stale. (Nó đã bị thiu rồi.) 
Not have to: Diễn tả ý không cần phải làm gì 
S+ do not (don't)/ does not (doesn't) did not (didn't)/ will not (won't)/ ... + have to + V
Ví dụ: You do not have to eat that. (Bạn không cần phải ăn thứ đó.) 
Tình huống: I can see you dislike that. (Mình có thể thấy rằng bạn không thích nó.) 
III. So sánh should và ought to 
1. Dạng thức 
1.1 Dạng khẳng định: 
S+ should + V
S+ ought to + V
Ví dụ: 	You should see a doctor if your cough gets worse. (Ông nên đi khám bác sĩ nếu bị ho nặng hơn.) 
You ought to see a doctor if your cough gets worse. (Ông nên đi khám bác sĩ nếu bị ho nặng hơn.) 
1.2 Dạng phủ định: 
S+ should not (shouldn't) + V
S+ ought not to (oughtn't to) + V
Ví dụ: 	Mrs. Smith shouldn't keep complaining. (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) 
Mrs. Smith oughtn't to keep complaining. (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) 
Lưu ý: Dạng thức phủ định của “ought to” không được sử dụng phổ biến bằng dạng thức phủ định của “should”
1.3 Dạng nghi vấn: 
Should +S+V
Ought + S + to + V
Ví dụ: 	Should we care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới môi trường không?) 
Ought we to care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới môi trường không?) 
Lưu ý: Dạng thức nghi vấn của “ought to” không được sử dụng phổ biến bằng dạng thức nghi vấn của “should”
2. Cách sử dụng 
2.1 Điểm giống: Cả “should” và “ought to” được sử dụng khi hỏi và đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc gợi ý. 
Ví dụ: 	You should learn English every day. (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) 
You ought to learn English every day. (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) 
2.2 Điểm khác: Giữa “should” và “ought to” có sự khác biệt nhỏ trong sắc thái của lời khuyên. 
Should
Ought to
Dùng cho lời khuyến mang tính chủ quan, thể hiện quan điểm cá nhân của người nói
Dùng với những lời khuyên mang yếu tố khách quan, tức là có sự tác động của ngoại cảnh như luật lệ, bổn phận hay quy tắc 
Ví dụ: 	Linda should go to bed early.
 (Linda nên đi ngủ sớm.)
Ví dụ: Emily ought to finish the report by 10 a.m. (Emily nên hoàn thành bản báo cáo trước 10 giờ sáng.) 
PART 2: EXERCISES
A. PHONETICS 
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group. 
1. A. bought 	B. daughter 	C. cough 	D. sight 
2. A. sure 	B. soup 	C. sugar 	D. machine 
3. A. but 	B. bury 	C. nut 	D. young 
4. A. measure 	B. decision 	C. permission 	D. pleasure 
5. A. dose 	B. chose 	C. close 	D. lose 
6. A. position 	B. oasis 	C. desert 	D. resort 
7. A. stone 	B. zone 	C. phone 	D. none 
8. A. give 	B. five 	C. hive 	D. dive 
9. A. switch 	B. stomach 	C. match 	D. catch 
10. A. study 	B. ready 	C. puppy 	D. occupy 
II. Pick out the words whose main stressed syllable is different from the rest. 
1. A. facility 	B. characterize 	C. irrational 	D. variety 
2. A. agreement 	B. elephant 	C. mineral 	D. violent 
3. A. professor 	B. typical 	C. accountant 	D. develop 
4. A. electrician 	B. majority 	C. appropriate 	D. traditional 
5. A. decay 	B. vanish 	C. attack 	D. depend 
B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR 
I. Choose the odd one out. 
1. trend	sibling 	prayer 	afford 
2. casual 	rude 	conflict 	studious
3. sibling 	obey 	norm	attitude
4. elegant 	comfortable 	frustrating 	trend
5. trivial 	dye 	browse 	afford 
6. conflict 	burden 	norm 	mature
7. rude 	skinny 	tight 	pierce 
8. curfew 	flashy 	value 	trend 
9. attitude 	tight 	skinny 	rude 
10. interact 	swear 	spit 	studious 
II. Complete the sentences using the given words. 
mustn't	 don't have to 	should 	ought 
1. You ______ don't have to _______ type your essay but if you want, you can do it. 
2. I ________ mustn't	________ go home too late. My parents are very strict. 
3. She is an expert adviser; thus, I think you _______ ought _________ to ask her for some advice. 
4. You ________ should ________ ask your teacher if you don't understand the lesson. 
shouldn't	 have to 	ought not 	must 
5. I __________ have to _________ finish homework before going to class. My teacher is rather strict. 
6. We _________ must _________ show respect to our parents. 
7. I think you _________ shouldn't _________ stay up late because it is not good for your health. 
8. If you want to help your friend, you _________ ought not ________ to do her homework. Instead, you should show her how to do it by herself. 
III. Choose one of the two bold words which best completes the sentences. 
1. It's cold. You should/shouldn't turn on the fan. 
2. You ought not to/ought to do homework before you go out with your friends. 
3. You should/shouldn't eat plenty of fruit or vegetables every day in order to keep healthy. 
4. You must/mustn't eat in the class. 
5. You ought to/ought not to drink a lot of water every day. 
6. I must/have to submit my homework before 12 o'clock because the deadline is 12 o'clock. 
7. I must/have to stay at home to take care of my children. 
8. My friend says: "You don't have to/mustn't drink champagne. You can have a coke or fruit juice instead. 
9. You don't have to/mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards. 
10. You don't have to/mustn't pick up Tom at the airport because Judy will pick him up. 
IV. Fill in the gaps with "must" and "have to". Use the negative form if necessary.
1. Tomorrow is Mai's birthday. I ______ must _____ buy a present for her. 
2. We might ______ have to _____ leave earlier than we expected. 
3. If you feel better, you ______ don't have to _______ take medicine any more. 
4. I ______ have to _____ leave home at 6:00 because I have an appointment at 7:00. 
5. You _____ must not_____ eat a lot before doing the exercise. If you do, you might get into some trouble with your stomach. 
6. We couldn't find a better present so we _____had to______ choose this one. 
7. If you are a member of the club, you ______do not have to___ pay to use these facilities because they are included in the membership fee. 
8. I had the flu, so I _____had to______ stay in the bed for two days. 
9. If you are under 18 years old, you _____mustn’t _____ ride a motorbike. 
10. All students _____have to_____ wear uniforms on Mondays. 
V. Choose the best options to fill in the blanks. 
1. You will get into trouble if you come back home after the ____.
A. norm 	B. curfew 	C. value 
2. She doesn't want to waste her money on clothes, so she ignores the ____ fashion trend. 
A. comfortable 	B. current 	C. mature 
3. When you ride a motorbike, you must ____ the general road rules. 
A. judge 	B. force 	C. obey 
4. I decided to get my nose ____ last week. 
A. pierced 	B. forbade 	C. afforded 
5. Instead of ____ someone by their appearance, you should get to know them better. 
A. swearing 	B. judging 	C. controlling 
6. Having two children in a family is becoming the ____ in some Asian countries. 
A. norm 	B. privacy 	C. conflict 
7. For a change, why don't you ____ your hair red? 
A. control 	B. force 	C. dye 
8. My parents do not want me to wear ____ dresses because they think that they aren't suitable for my age. 
A. tight 	B. casual 	C. rude 
9. I don't understand why you like ____ clothes. They are too bright and young for your age. 
A. flashy 	B. fashionable 	C. comfortable 
10. She whispered a ____ that her sibling wouldn't die. 
A. sibiling 	B. burden 	C. prayer 
VI. Complete the following sentences using the given words. 
elegant 	trivial 	compared 	forbid
frustrating 	afford	conflict 	interacts
1. His conservative character would frequently bring him into _______ conflict ______ with others. 
2. She is really beautiful in that _______ elegant ____ dress. 
3. The challenges I must face were nothing ______ compared _______ to yours. 
4. It is ______ frustrating ________ that I must be responsible for all what they did. 
5. I have no time to care about such ________ trivial ______ things. 
6. My parents ______ forbid ______ me to be rude to others. 
7. It is really interesting to see how everyone ______ interacts ______ in the party. 
8. It's hard to believe that she can ______ afford_______ a new house on her salary. 
VII. Match each phrase on the left with its definition on the right. 
1. Extended family A
A. A big family that includes not only the parents and children, but also grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins, all living under the same roof. 
2. Generation gap C
B. A family that consists of parents and children. 
3. Nuclear family B
C. The difference in attitudes or behaviors between younger and older age groups, which can cause a lack of understanding. 
4. Extracurricular activity
E
D. The rules of behavior that are typically accepted while people are eating at the table. 
5. Viewpoint F
E. An activity that can be done by students but not a part of school or college course. 
6. Table manners D
F. A person's opinion about the subjects. 
VIII. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the words in brackets. 
1. The elderly are more _______CONSERVATIVE________ about their eating habit. (CONSERVATIVELY) 
2. They raised serious _______ OBJECTIONS_______ to the proposal. (OBJECT) 
3. Thanks to his _____ OPEN-MINDEDNESS _____, every misunderstanding is cleared up. (OPEN MINDED) 
4. He shouldn't treat his parents _____ DISRESPECTFULLY_____. (DISRESPECT) 
5. My wife is ____RESPONSIBLE______ for cooking meals. (RESPONSIBILITY) 
6. Teenagers like catching up with ______ FASHIONNABLE______ clothes, which puts a financial burden on their parents. (FASHION) 
7. We are in need of ______ EXPERIENCED_____ professionals for this subject. (EXPERIENCE) 
8. There are at least three ___GENERATIONS__ living under the same roof in my family. (GENERATIONAL) 
IX. Complete the following sentences using the given words. 
change your mind	 impose 	good taste in 
bridge the gap 	follows in 
1. If you want to succeed in that aspect, you must _____ change your mind _____.
2. I don't want to ________ impose _______ my decisions on my children. 
3. Open communication can _______ bridge the gap _______ between parents and children. 
4. She ______ follows in _______ her mother's footsteps, becoming a doctor. 
5. The fashion designer has exercised _______ good taste in _______ her use of various colors and patterns. 
state-owned	 open-minded 	work out 
financial burden 	homestay 
6. She must shoulder the _____ financial burden ______ after her husband's death. 
7. Scientists are discussing to ______ work out ________ the best solution to this problem. 
8. We recommend _______ homestay ______ for students who want to live with local families. 
9. Parents tend to be more ________ open-minded ______ about the children's hairstyles. 
10. After graduating from his university, he wants to have a job in a _____ state-owned ____ company. 
X. Choose the best options to fill in the blanks. 
1. This plan can't be carried out because of the widespread public ____.
A. relaxation 	B. disapproval 	C. perception 
2. It is not ____ to wear these trousers at the moment. 
A. experienced 	B. fashionable 	C. conservative 
3. You should weigh up the pros and cons of the ____ living. 
A. objection 	B. responsible 	C. multi-generational 
4. It is important for parents to respect children's ____. 
A. privacy 	B. relaxation 	C. rudeness 
5. The advantages of this plan ____ its disadvantages. 
A. disrespect 	B. outweigh 	C. work out 
C. READING 
I. Read and do the tasks below. 
The generation gap, which refers to a broad difference between one generation and another, especially between young people and their parents, usually leads to numerous conflicts. Such family conflicts can seriously threaten the relationship between parents and children at times. 
It goes without saying that, however old their children are, parents still regard them as small kids and keep in mind that their offspring are too young to protect themselves cautiously or have wise choices. Therefore, they tend to make a great attempt to help their children to discover the outside world. Nevertheless, they forget that as children grow up, they want to be more independent and develop their own identity by creating their own opinions, thoughts, styles and values about life. 
One common issue that drives conflicts is the clothes of teenagers. While teens are keen on wearing fashionable clothes which try to catch up with the youth trends, parents who value traditional clothes believe that those kinds of attire violate the rules and the norms of the society. It becomes worse when the expensive brand name clothes teens choose seem to be beyond the financial capacity of parents. 
Another reason contributing to conflicts is the interest in choosing a career path or education between parents and teenagers. Young people are told that they have the world at their feet and that dazzling future opportunities are just waiting for them to seize. However, their parents try to impose their choices of university or career on them regardless of their children's preference. 
Indeed, conflicts between parents and children are the everlasting family phenomena. It seems that the best way to solve the matter is open communication to create mutual trust and understanding. 
Task 1. Decide whether the following statements are True, False or Not Given. 
1. According to the passage, the relationship between parents and children is 	False
not easily destroyed by the family conflicts. 
2. As children get older, parents let them live on their own way and do what 	False
they are interested in. 
3. Teenagers try to please their parents by wearing traditional clothes. 	Not Given
4. Parents want children to follow their wishes in deciding the education and 	True
future jobs. 
5. Some parents indulge their children with expensive brand name clothes. 	Not Given
6. In order to bridge the gap between the old generation and the younger one, 	True
open communication to promote mutual understanding is the vital key. 
Task 2. Choose the best answers for the following questions. 
1. Why do most parents still treat their teenage children like small kids? 
A. Because children usually make mistakes 
B. Because they think that children are too young to live independently. 
C. Because they think that children can't protect themselves well. 
2. The word "offspring" in the second paragraph refers to ____.
A. parents 	B. children 	C. mind 
3. What do parents usually do to help their children as they are young? 
A. They prepare everything for their children. 
B. They take care of their children carefully. 
C. They encourage their children to explore the outside world. 
4. Which kinds of clothes do teenagers want to wear? 
A. latest fashionable clothes 	B. casual clothes 	C. shiny trousers and tight tops 
5. According to the passage, what are parents' viewpoints about the teenagers' clothes? 
A. Teenagers' clothes get the latest teen fashion trends. 
B. Teenagers' clothes are too short and ripped. 
C. Teenagers' clothes are contrary to the accepted standards and values of the society. 
6. Why do teenagers want to choose their university or career? 
A. They want to explore the world on their own. 
B. They want to decide their future by themselves. 
C. Both A and B are correct. 
7. The word "seize" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ____. 
A. catch 	B. choose 	C. find 
8. Which can be the best title for the passage? 
A. Where do parent-child conflicts come from? 
B. How are children different from their parents? 
C. How do we bridge the generation gap? 
II. Read Lan's letter about her family rules and select the best option for each blank. 
do morning exercise 	keep my room tidy 	help around 
respect 	swear 	go out 
88 Lang Street 
Hanoi, Vietnam 
June 12th, 2017 
Dear Sam, 
Hi! How are you? I'm overjoyed that you're going to stay with my family in one month. In the previous letter, you asked me about our family rules and now, I will tell you about them. Each family has its own rules and mine has a few. Here are some rules of my family. My parents want me to (1.) ____ help around ____
with the housework and other home duties as they think that all family members should share housework. What's more, they tell me to take my studies seriously. They said that learning is very important and it has great influence on my future. Other rules in my family are that I should (2.) ___ do morning exercise __ every day to stay fit and healthy and always (3.) ____ keep my room tidy ___. Apart from these, I am not allowed 
to (4.) _____ go out _______ late in the evening because this is dangerous. Last but not least, they ask me to (5.) _______ respect ________ elderly and forbid me to (6.) ______ swear ______. I think that family rules play an integral role in helping family members understand one another and improve their own behaviors. If you have any questions, please let me know. I hope you will enjoy your time in Vietnam. I'm looking forward to meeting you. 
Lots of love, 
Lan 
III. Fill in each blank with one suitable word.
by	 differences 	generational 	younger 
comparison 	history	 because 	to 
A generation gap
A generation gap is a popular term used to describe big (1) ___ differences ____ between people of a younger generation and their elders. This can be defined as occurring "when older and (2) ____ younger ____
people do not understand each other (3) _____ because _____ of their different experiences, opinions, habits and behavior." Although some (4) _____ generational ____ differences have existed throughout 
(5) _____ history ________, during this era differences between the two generations grew significantly in (6) _____ comparison ______ with previous times, particularly with respect (7) _______to_______ such matters as musical tastes, fashion, drug use, culture and politics. This may have been magnified (8) ____by___ the unprecedented size of the young Baby Boomer generation, which gave it unprecedented power, influence, and willingness to rebel against social norms. 
D. WRITING 
I. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning.
1. They think that it is a good idea for me to do voluntary work. (I) 
They think that I should do voluntary work / ought to do voluntary work.
2. They insist that I should come home at 9 o'clock every night. (make) 
They make me come home at 9 o'clock every night.
3. It is very important for us to do well at school. (must) 
We must do well at school.
4. It is not necessary for me to agree with everything my parents say. (not have) 
I don’t have to agree with everything my parents say.
5. My parents never let me forget to do my homework. (remind) 
My parents always remind me to do my homework.
6. They always refuse to allow me to stay overnight at my friend's house. (never let)
They never let me stay overnight at my friend's house.
7. My mother expects me to work as a teacher like her. (It is my mother's wish) 
It is my mother's wish that I should work as a teacher like her.
8. I can go out with my friends at the weekend. (allow) 
I am allowed to go out with my friends at the weekend.
II. Rewrite each sentence using the word(s) in the brackets, without changing its meaning.
1. If I were you, I would spend more time talking with my children. (should) 
You should spend more time talking with your children.
2. John doesn't get permission to use that computer. (mustn't) 
John mustn’t use that computer.
3. It is necessary that people who work here leave by 6 p.m. (must) 
People who work here must leave by 6 p.m.
4. Every staff isn't allowed to smoke or eat in the office. (mustn't) 
Every staff mustn't smoke or eat in the office.
5. Customers are advised to check their luggage before leaving the airport. (ought to) 
Customers ought to check their luggage before leaving the airport.
6. It is forbidden for students to cheat in the exam. (mustn't) 
Students mustn't cheat in the exam.
7. Ms. Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. (has to) 
Ms. Ly has to clear the floor every day.
8. You are not allowed to take photographs in the museum. (mustn't) 
You mustn't take photographs in the museum.
9. It would be a good idea for you to share the housework with your mother. (ought to) 
You ought to share the housework with your mother.
10. It is not necessary for Jack to call Ben today. (doesn't have to) 
Jack doesn't have to call Ben today.
PART 3: TEST YOURSELF
A. PHONETICS 
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group. 
1. A. adopt 	B. involve 	C. stroll 	D. follow 
2. A. exist 	B. mind 	C. inspire 	D. provide 
3. A. refusal 	B. music 	C. student 	D. studying 
4. A. lecturer 	B. medium 	C. inventor 	D. president 
5. A. teach 	B. cheer 	C. characterize 	D. watch 
II. Pick out the words whose main stressed syllable is different from the rest. 
1. A. actor 	B. commit 	C. fashion 	D. motion 
2. A. education 	B. industrial 	C. intelligent 	D. traditional 
3. A. industry 	B. refugee 	C. magazine 	D. Japanese 
4. A. freedom 	B. contact 	C. furnish 	D. disturb 
5. A. independence 	B. impractical 	C. education 	D. entertainment 
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Fill in each blank with the given word. 
nuclear family 	generation gap 	hairstyle 
school children 	junk food 
1. Why is there a _____ generation gap ________ between parents and children? 
2. Why are soft drinks and ______ junk food ________ not good for our health? 
3. Do you think ________ school children ______ should wear uniforms? 
4. Is the _________ nuclear family ________ the perfect type of family? 
5. Have your parents ever complained about your _______ hairstyle ________?
II. Complete the following sentences. Use affirmative or negative of "must". 
1. You ________must_________ study harder to get better marks. 
2. The boy is only twelve years old. He _______ must not _________ ride a motorbike. 
3. Jimmy, you _______ must not __________ bite nails. 
4. My classmate is very ill. She _______ must _________ see a doctor as soon as possible. 
5. Your hands are dirty. You _______ must _________ wash them before meal. 
6. We ________ must __________ brush our teeth at least once a day. 
7. Children _______ must not _________ play with dangerous objects like knives and matches.
8. Students _________ must not _________ use mobile phones during the test. 
9. Babies __________ must __________ go to bed early. 
10. You _________ must not __________ be impolite to elderly people. 
III. Complete the following sentences. Use affirmative or negative of "have to".
1. Secretaries ________ have to ___________ answer the phone. That is a part of their job. 
2. Jason and Linda are on holiday. They ______do not have to_____ go to school today 
3. He _______doesn’t have to_______ come if he doesn't want to join with us. 
4. You _______ doesn’t have to ______ worry about me! I am ok now. 
5. Lam ________has to_________ leave her house at 6.30 a.m. in order to get to her school at 7 a.m. 
6. All the students _______ have to ________ obey the school rules. 
7. Today she doesn't have the literature lesson, so she ________ doesn’t have to ____ bring her literature book. 
8. I _______ have to __________ take these books back to the school library on time or I will get a fine. 
9. There is a lift in this building, so we ______ do not have to _____ climb the stairs. 
10. Susan doesn't like her new job. Sometimes she _______has to___ work at weekends. 
IV. Complete the following sentences. Use affirmative or negative of "ought to". 
1. You ______ ought to _________ study harder to get better marks. 
2. They _______ought not to_______ be angry. It isn't good for their health. 
3. A: It's so cold. 
 B: You ______ ought to ________ put on your thick coat before going out. 
4. If somebody steals your wallet, you ________ ought to _________ tell the police. 
5. You ______ ought not to _________ buy that meat. It doesn't look fresh enough. 
6. She _______ ought not to _______ stay up too late at night as she may feel tired in the morning. 
7. Candidates ______ ought not to ____ wear shorts and a T-shirt to a job interview. 
8. It's raining. If you don't want your dress to get wet, you ________ ought to ________ take an umbrella. 
9. You are driving too fast. You _______ ought to _____ slow down. 
10. Lisa _______ ought not to __________ treat her younger sister badly. It makes her very unhappy. 
V. Choose the incorrect underlined part in the following sentences. 
1. You (A) have to (B) made sure that children (C) don't play outside alone. 
2. You (A) mustn't (B) uses the motorbike without a driver's license. It's (C) against the law. 
3. Drivers (A) haven't (B) to stop at (C) yellow traffic lights. 
4. You (A) ought (B) to taking him (C) to the emergency room. 
5. During the lesson, (A) does you (B) have (C) to listen to your teacher carefully and take notes quickly. 
6. Students (A) don't have to (B) consume (C) food or drink in the class or in the library. 
7. Get out